{"id":7255,"date":"2025-06-24T14:55:17","date_gmt":"2025-06-24T14:55:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/afiyafrica.com\/?p=7255"},"modified":"2025-06-24T14:55:17","modified_gmt":"2025-06-24T14:55:17","slug":"elargir-lacces-aux-services-de-sante-sexuelle-et-reproductive-en-ethiopie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/afiyafrica.com\/index.php\/actualite\/elargir-lacces-aux-services-de-sante-sexuelle-et-reproductive-en-ethiopie\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00c9largir l\u2019acc\u00e8s aux services de sant\u00e9 sexuelle et reproductive en \u00c9thiopie"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\n \t<\/i> Read Time:<\/span>4 Minute, 52 Second <\/div>\n\n <\/div>

Avec le soutien de l\u2019Organisation mondiale de la sant\u00e9 (OMS), les autorit\u00e9s sanitaires ont \u00e9labor\u00e9 le\u00a0Guide national d\u2019intervention en auto-soins<\/em>,<\/strong>\u00a0ax\u00e9 sur la sant\u00e9 des femmes, des adolescentes et des enfants.<\/p>\n

Pour rem\u00e9dier aux lacunes dans l\u2019acc\u00e8s aux soins de sant\u00e9 sexuelle et reproductive, accentu\u00e9es par la pand\u00e9mie de COVID-19 et les crises humanitaires en cours, l\u2019\u00c9thiopie renforce son syst\u00e8me de sant\u00e9 afin de rendre ces services essentiels plus accessibles aux femmes et aux adolescents vivant dans des zones recul\u00e9es ou touch\u00e9es par les crises.<\/p>\n

L\u2019un des \u00e9l\u00e9ments cl\u00e9s de cet effort est la promotion de l\u2019auto-soin<\/strong>, en donnant aux individus les connaissances et les outils n\u00e9cessaires pour g\u00e9rer eux-m\u00eames leur sant\u00e9 sexuelle et reproductive gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 des pratiques s\u00fbres, simples et abordables dans des domaines tels que la planification familiale, la pr\u00e9vention du VIH, la pr\u00e9vention du cancer du col de l\u2019ut\u00e9rus, la nutrition, ainsi que la sant\u00e9 maternelle, adolescente et juv\u00e9nile. Des exemples pratiques incluent l\u2019acc\u00e8s aux contraceptifs, aux tests de grossesse et aux kits d\u2019auto-d\u00e9pistage du VIH, accompagn\u00e9s de conseils \u00e9ducatifs. Cela comprend \u00e9galement la gestion autonome de l\u2019avortement m\u00e9dicamenteux, conform\u00e9ment \u00e0 la l\u00e9gislation nationale qui autorise la proc\u00e9dure sous certaines conditions.<\/p>\n

Avec le soutien de l\u2019OMS, les autorit\u00e9s sanitaires ont mis au point le\u00a0Guide national d\u2019intervention en auto-soins<\/strong><\/em>, ax\u00e9 sur la sant\u00e9 des femmes, des adolescentes et des enfants. Elles ont \u00e9galement int\u00e9gr\u00e9 les auto-soins et \u00e9largi les services de sant\u00e9 sexuelle et reproductive dans les principales directives politiques nationales, notamment celles relatives \u00e0 la planification familiale, aux soins d\u2019avortement s\u00e9curis\u00e9, \u00e0 la r\u00e9duction des grossesses chez les adolescentes et aux interventions en sant\u00e9 sexuelle et reproductive dans les contextes humanitaires.<\/p>\n

Dans tout le pays, des professionnels de sant\u00e9 sont form\u00e9s pour enseigner \u00e0 la population l\u2019utilisation de ces outils d\u2019auto-soin. L\u2019initiative a d\u00e9but\u00e9 par un atelier en juin 2024 rassemblant 38 responsables de sant\u00e9 publique du minist\u00e8re de la Sant\u00e9, des Bureaux r\u00e9gionaux de sant\u00e9 et d\u2019autres institutions. Elle a ensuite \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9tendue au niveau infranational en octobre 2024, permettant \u00e0 67 prestataires et gestionnaires de sant\u00e9 d\u2019acqu\u00e9rir ces comp\u00e9tences.<\/p>\n

\u00ab Les recommandations et le plan d\u2019action que nous avons \u00e9labor\u00e9s nous aideront \u00e0 int\u00e9grer efficacement l\u2019auto-soin dans nos services de sant\u00e9 existants \u00bb<\/strong>, a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 Daniel Nadew, responsable de la sant\u00e9 maternelle et infantile au Bureau de sant\u00e9 de la ville d\u2019Addis-Abeba.<\/p>\n

Suite \u00e0 cette mont\u00e9e en puissance de la formation aux auto-soins, le Centre de sant\u00e9 de Kolfe, \u00e0 Addis-Abeba, l\u2019un des \u00e9tablissements pilotes, a enregistr\u00e9 une augmentation significative de l\u2019acc\u00e8s aux services. En 2024, dans le cadre des services de planification familiale, plus de 800 femmes ont re\u00e7u des contraceptifs oraux combin\u00e9s en vente libre, contre 280 en 2022.<\/p>\n

De plus, 84 femmes ont \u00e9t\u00e9 form\u00e9es \u00e0 l\u2019auto-administration d\u2019un contraceptif injectable s\u00fbr et efficace, connu sous le nom de DMPA, et plus de 1 000 adolescents ont re\u00e7u des pr\u00e9servatifs apr\u00e8s une formation \u00e0 leur utilisation correcte.<\/p>\n

Par ailleurs, 50 femmes ont b\u00e9n\u00e9fici\u00e9 de services d\u2019avortement m\u00e9dicamenteux autog\u00e9r\u00e9, incluant une formation compl\u00e8te sur l\u2019usage du m\u00e9dicament, le bon dosage, les effets secondaires, les complications possibles et les indications de recours \u00e0 un professionnel de sant\u00e9.<\/p>\n

\u00ab La formation sur l\u2019auto-soin a consid\u00e9rablement am\u00e9lior\u00e9 mes connaissances et comp\u00e9tences en mati\u00e8re de planification familiale et de soins li\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019avortement. Les sessions pratiques ont \u00e9t\u00e9 particuli\u00e8rement utiles, et je me sens d\u00e9sormais plus confiante pour accompagner les femmes de ma communaut\u00e9 \u00bb<\/strong>, a expliqu\u00e9 Fatima Belay*, une professionnelle de sant\u00e9 \u00e0 Addis-Abeba.<\/p>\n

Belay* a \u00e9galement soulign\u00e9 les avantages du contraceptif injectable autoadministr\u00e9 :\u00a0\u00ab J\u2019appr\u00e9cie la simplicit\u00e9 et la commodit\u00e9 de ce contraceptif, que je peux utiliser \u00e0 domicile, sur mon lieu de travail habituel ou o\u00f9 que je sois. \u00bb<\/strong><\/p>\n

En r\u00e9ponse aux crises humanitaires dans la r\u00e9gion d\u2019Amhara au nord du pays, l\u2019OMS et l\u2019Institut \u00e9thiopien de sant\u00e9 publique ont form\u00e9 30 prestataires de sant\u00e9 issus de 13 \u00e9tablissements situ\u00e9s dans des districts touch\u00e9s par les conflits, aux directives d\u2019intervention en auto-soins.<\/p>\n

\u00c0 la suite de ces formations, neuf \u00e9tablissements ont propos\u00e9 des sessions de sensibilisation \u00e0 l\u2019auto-soin pour leur personnel, permettant \u00e0 plus de 100 femmes et adolescents de recevoir des formations sur la planification familiale, les soins pr\u00e9natals, les signes de danger pendant la grossesse, la nutrition et l\u2019avortement s\u00e9curis\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Le Centre de sant\u00e9 de Gish Abay a permis \u00e0 120 adolescents d\u2019acqu\u00e9rir les comp\u00e9tences n\u00e9cessaires \u00e0 l\u2019utilisation correcte des pr\u00e9servatifs et a fourni des soins d\u2019avortement s\u00e9curis\u00e9 \u00e0 35 adolescentes. Le Centre de sant\u00e9 de Tilili a \u00e9largi le champ des auto-soins \u00e0 l\u2019auto-d\u00e9pistage du VIH, \u00e0 l\u2019auto-examen des seins, aux tests de grossesse, \u00e0 l\u2019utilisation des pr\u00e9servatifs et \u00e0 la contraception d\u2019urgence.<\/p>\n

\u00ab Ces interventions ont \u00e9norm\u00e9ment b\u00e9n\u00e9fici\u00e9 \u00e0 la communaut\u00e9 et contribu\u00e9 \u00e0 la r\u00e9duction des d\u00e9c\u00e8s maternels et p\u00e9rinatals \u00e9vitables. Elles nous permettront d\u2019atteindre chaque m\u00e8re, nouveau-n\u00e9, enfant et adolescent de notre communaut\u00e9 qui ont besoin de services de sant\u00e9 \u00bb<\/strong>, a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 Nadew.<\/p>\n

\u00ab L\u2019engagement de l\u2019\u00c9thiopie en faveur de l\u2019int\u00e9gration des auto-soins donne aux individus, en particulier aux femmes et aux adolescents, les connaissances et les outils pour une gestion proactive de leur sant\u00e9, offrant ainsi une commodit\u00e9 importante pour la communaut\u00e9 et des \u00e9conomies de co\u00fbts substantielles \u00bb, a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 le Dr Owen Kaluwa, repr\u00e9sentant de l\u2019OMS en \u00c9thiopie. \u00ab L\u2019OMS est fi\u00e8re de soutenir cet effort qui am\u00e9liore de mani\u00e8re significative les r\u00e9sultats sanitaires en \u00e9largissant l\u2019acc\u00e8s aux services essentiels de sant\u00e9 sexuelle et reproductive, particuli\u00e8rement dans les zones touch\u00e9es par les conflits. \u00bb<\/strong><\/p>\n

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