{"id":5162,"date":"2024-03-01T10:32:17","date_gmt":"2024-03-01T10:32:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/afiyafrica.com\/?p=5162"},"modified":"2024-03-01T10:32:17","modified_gmt":"2024-03-01T10:32:17","slug":"oms-une-personne-sur-huit-est-obese-aujourdhui","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/afiyafrica.com\/index.php\/actualite\/oms-une-personne-sur-huit-est-obese-aujourdhui\/","title":{"rendered":"OMS : Une personne sur huit est ob\u00e8se aujourd\u2019hui"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n
\n \t<\/i> Read Time:<\/span>3 Minute, 49 Second <\/div>\n\n <\/div>\n

Une nouvelle \u00e9tude publi\u00e9e par The Lancet montre que plus d\u2019un milliard de personnes dans le monde \u00e9taient ob\u00e8ses en 2022 (en anglais). \u00c0 l\u2019\u00e9chelle mondiale, l\u2019ob\u00e9sit\u00e9 a plus que doubl\u00e9 depuis 1990 chez les adultes, et quadrupl\u00e9 chez les enfants et les adolescents (de 5 \u00e0 19 ans). Les donn\u00e9es montrent aussi que 43 % des adultes \u00e9taient en surpoids en 2022.

En outre, l\u2019\u00e9tude r\u00e9v\u00e8le que, m\u00eame si les taux sont en baisse, la d\u00e9nutrition repr\u00e9sente toujours un probl\u00e8me de sant\u00e9 publique dans de nombreux pays, en particulier en Asie du Sud-Est et en Afrique subsaharienne.

Les pays qui pr\u00e9sentaient les taux combin\u00e9s d\u2019insuffisance pond\u00e9rale et d\u2019ob\u00e9sit\u00e9 les plus \u00e9lev\u00e9s en 2022 \u00e9taient les pays insulaires du Pacifique et des Cara\u00efbes et les pays du Moyen-Orient et d\u2019Afrique du Nord.

La malnutrition, sous toutes ses formes, comprend la d\u00e9nutrition (\u00e9maciation, retard de croissance, insuffisance pond\u00e9rale), l\u2019insuffisance des apports en vitamines ou en min\u00e9raux, le surpoids et l\u2019ob\u00e9sit\u00e9. La d\u00e9nutrition est responsable de la moiti\u00e9 des d\u00e9c\u00e8s d\u2019enfants de moins de 5 ans, tandis que l\u2019ob\u00e9sit\u00e9 peut provoquer des maladies non transmissibles comme des maladies cardiovasculaires, le diab\u00e8te et certains cancers.

L\u2019OMS a contribu\u00e9 \u00e0 la collecte et \u00e0 l\u2019analyse des donn\u00e9es de cette \u00e9tude. L\u2019ensemble complet de donn\u00e9es est \u00e9galement diffus\u00e9 par l\u2019Observatoire mondial de la sant\u00e9 (en anglais).

\u00ab Cette nouvelle \u00e9tude souligne qu\u2019il importe de pr\u00e9venir et de prendre en charge l\u2019ob\u00e9sit\u00e9 de la naissance \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e2ge adulte, par l\u2019alimentation, l\u2019activit\u00e9 physique et des soins ad\u00e9quats, en fonction des besoins \u00bb, a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 le Dr Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, Directeur g\u00e9n\u00e9ral de l\u2019OMS. \u00ab Pour redresser la barre et atteindre les objectifs mondiaux de lutte contre l\u2019ob\u00e9sit\u00e9, il faut que les gouvernements et les communaut\u00e9s collaborent, en s\u2019appuyant sur les politiques de l\u2019OMS et des agences nationales de sant\u00e9 publique fond\u00e9es sur des donn\u00e9es probantes. Et surtout, il faut que le secteur priv\u00e9 coop\u00e8re, car il doit rendre compte des effets de ses produits sur la sant\u00e9. \u00bb

L\u2019ob\u00e9sit\u00e9 est une maladie chronique complexe. Ses causes sont bien \u00e9tablies, tout comme les interventions n\u00e9cessaires pour la ma\u00eetriser, qui sont \u00e9tay\u00e9es par des preuves solides. Et pourtant, ces interventions ne sont pas mises en \u0153uvre. Lors de l\u2019Assembl\u00e9e mondiale de la Sant\u00e9 en 2022, les \u00c9tats Membres ont adopt\u00e9 le plan d\u2019acc\u00e9l\u00e9ration de l\u2019OMS pour mettre fin \u00e0 l\u2019ob\u00e9sit\u00e9 (en anglais), qui vient appuyer l\u2019action men\u00e9e au niveau national jusqu\u2019en 2030. \u00c0 ce jour, 31 pays montrent la voie \u00e0 suivre pour freiner l\u2019\u00e9pid\u00e9mie d\u2019ob\u00e9sit\u00e9 en mettant en \u0153uvre ce plan.

Les principales interventions sont les suivantes :

mesures visant \u00e0 favoriser des pratiques saines d\u00e8s la naissance, telles que la promotion et la protection de l\u2019allaitement maternel et l\u2019appui connexe ;
r\u00e9glementation des pratiques nuisibles de marketing des aliments et des boissons \u00e0 l\u2019intention des enfants ;
politiques relatives \u00e0 l\u2019alimentation et \u00e0 la nutrition dans les \u00e9coles, y compris les initiatives visant \u00e0 r\u00e9glementer la vente de produits riches en mati\u00e8res grasses, en sucres et en sel \u00e0 proximit\u00e9 des \u00e9coles ;
politiques fiscales et tarifaires visant \u00e0 promouvoir une alimentation saine ;
politiques en mati\u00e8re d\u2019\u00e9tiquetage nutritionnel ;
campagnes d\u2019\u00e9ducation et de sensibilisation du public en faveur d\u2019une alimentation saine et de l\u2019exercice ;
normes relatives \u00e0 l\u2019activit\u00e9 physique dans les \u00e9coles ; et
int\u00e9gration des services de pr\u00e9vention et de prise en charge de l\u2019ob\u00e9sit\u00e9 dans les soins de sant\u00e9 primaires.
\u00ab C\u2019est un d\u00e9fi consid\u00e9rable que de mettre en \u0153uvre des politiques qui permettent \u00e0 toutes et \u00e0 tous d\u2019acc\u00e9der \u00e0 une alimentation saine \u00e0 un co\u00fbt abordable et qui cr\u00e9ent pour toutes et tous des environnements propices \u00e0 l\u2019activit\u00e9 physique et \u00e0 des modes de vie sains \u00bb, a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 le Dr Francesco Branca, Directeur du D\u00e9partement Nutrition et s\u00e9curit\u00e9 sanitaire des aliments de l\u2019OMS, qui est aussi l\u2019un des coauteurs de l\u2019\u00e9tude. \u00ab Les pays devraient veiller \u00e0 ce que les syst\u00e8mes de sant\u00e9 int\u00e8grent la pr\u00e9vention et la prise en charge de l\u2019ob\u00e9sit\u00e9 dans l\u2019ensemble des services de base. \u00bb

La lutte contre la d\u00e9nutrition requiert une action multisectorielle dans les domaines de l\u2019agriculture, de la protection sociale et de la sant\u00e9, afin de r\u00e9duire l\u2019ins\u00e9curit\u00e9 alimentaire, d\u2019am\u00e9liorer l\u2019acc\u00e8s \u00e0 l\u2019eau potable et \u00e0 l\u2019assainissement, et d\u2019assurer l\u2019acc\u00e8s universel aux interventions essentielles en mati\u00e8re de nutrition.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Organisation Mondiale de la Sant\u00e9 <\/p>\n

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Une nouvelle \u00e9tude publi\u00e9e par The Lancet montre que plus d\u2019un milliard de personnes dans…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":5161,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[12,1041,16,1283],"tags":[1188,1071,1214,1013,1337,31,60,1122,32,120],"class_list":["post-5162","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-actualite","category-oms","category-ressources","category-revue-medicale-africaine","tag-actualites","tag-actumed","tag-afiya","tag-afiya-revue-medicale-africaine","tag-afiyafrica","tag-afrique","tag-afrique-sante","tag-obesite","tag-oms","tag-oms-afrique"],"yoast_head":"\nOMS : Une personne sur huit est ob\u00e8se aujourd\u2019hui -<\/title>\n<meta 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