{"id":3210,"date":"2022-08-12T15:00:03","date_gmt":"2022-08-12T15:00:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/afiyafrica.com\/?p=3210"},"modified":"2022-08-12T19:56:12","modified_gmt":"2022-08-12T19:56:12","slug":"dossier-l-ascaridiose","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/afiyafrica.com\/index.php\/dossier\/dossier-l-ascaridiose\/","title":{"rendered":"Dossier : l’ Ascaridiose"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n
\n \t<\/i> Read Time:<\/span>2 Minute, 14 Second <\/div>\n\n <\/div>

D\u00e9finition : parasitose caus\u00e9e par la pr\u00e9sence et le d\u00e9veloppement dans l’organisme humain d’un ver rond appel\u00e9 Ascaris lumbricoides. Du point de vue \u00e9pid\u00e9miologiques, l’OMS l’a class\u00e9e dans le groupe des MTN Il faut noter que c’est une maladie des pays pauvres avec une fr\u00e9quence \u00e9lev\u00e9e en zone tropicale. Pour les statistiques du B\u00e9nin, en 2018 on avait retrouv\u00e9 cette maladie chez 5,3% chez les enfants de 8-14 ans.<\/h4>\n

Facteurs favorisants: conditions de vie pr\u00e9caires (d\u00e9faut d’hygi\u00e8ne alimentaire et f\u00e9cale, absente d’eau courante…), la g\u00e9ophagie (chez enfants), usage d’engrais humains. Il y a aussi beaucoup d’autres facteurs que je ne citerai pas car ils n’ont pas d’int\u00e9r\u00eats pour les cliniciens.<\/p>\n

Signes cliniques:<\/h4>\n

-il y a des formes asymptomatiques : fr\u00e9quence+++,la d\u00e9couverte du parasite se fait de fa\u00e7on fortuite par la pr\u00e9sence des vers dans les selles, ou lors des vomissements
\n-ascaridiose maladie : signes en fonction du stade, du degr\u00e9 d’infestation et de la localisation. Le malade peut avoir des douleurs abdominales, l’anorexie, vomissements, naus\u00e9es, retard de croissance chez enfants, amaigrissement, diarrh\u00e9e… Dans les cas s\u00e9v\u00e8res, il y a une fi\u00e8vre, un syndrome de L\u0153fler ( toux lancinante avec mucus ou du sang, une respiration sifflante, un essouflement )<\/p>\n

Quand on a un patient qui pr\u00e9sente ces signes, l’interrogatoire doit \u00eatre orient\u00e9 vers les \u00e9l\u00e9ments \u00e9pid\u00e9miologiques \u00e0 savoir la provenance, si c’est un enfant, insister pour savoir s’il n’y pas une notion de g\u00e9ophagie ou non.<\/p>\n

Examens \u00e0 demander<\/h4>\n

-Examen parasitologique des selles qui nous pr\u00e9cisera qu’il y a pr\u00e9sence ou non d’\u0153uf d’ascaris.
\n-H\u00e9mogramme : souvent on a une hyperleucocytose (10-20 Giga\/mm3), nous avons une hyper\u00e9osinophilie. Vu que ce n’est un parasite h\u00e9matophage, la ligne rouge peut ne pas \u00eatre touch\u00e9e.<\/p>\n

Complications: Parasites tr\u00e8s mobiles et la femelle \u00e9tant tr\u00e8s longue (20-25 cm), pond beaucoup d’\u0153ufs (73.000-24.000) par jour, ces facteurs entra\u00eene des obstructions canaliculaires avec un tableau de pancr\u00e9atite, de chol\u00e9cystite, d’angiocholite et aussi des occlusions intestinales.<\/p>\n

Traitement<\/h4>\n

1\u00e8re intention : Flubendazole comprim\u00e9 100mg matin et soir pendant 3 jours.
\n2e intention : M\u00e9bendazole comprim\u00e9 500mg, 2 comprim\u00e9s par jour pendant 3 jours.
\n3e intention : Albendazole comprim\u00e9 400 mg adulte et enfants > 2 ans 1 comprim\u00e9 en prise unique.
\n4e intention : Ivermectine comprim\u00e9 200mg\/kg\/jour pendant 3 jours.
\nTous ces m\u00e9dicaments ont des effets secondaires et des contre-indications dont on doit tenir compte<\/p>\n

Suivi biologique post-th\u00e9rapeutique :<\/h4>\n

-H\u00e9mogramme : dimunition marqu\u00e9es des leucocytes et des \u00e9osinophiles
\n-Examen parasitologique des selles un mois apr\u00e8s le traitement.
\n-Il faut doser aussi les transamisases car certains parmi ces m\u00e9dicaments augmentent les transaminases.<\/p>\n

Prophylaxie<\/h4>\n

Individuelle : renforcer les mesures d’hygi\u00e8ne et am\u00e9liorer conditions de vie.
\nCollectives : 4C ( communication pour le changement continuel de comportement )<\/p>\n

Par : Docteur G\u00e9raud Estimodo AGBEGBANOU<\/p>\n

\n
\n \n
\n \n \"Happy\"\n <\/a>\n
\n Happy <\/div>\n
\n 1<\/span>\n \n 100<\/span> %<\/span>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n
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Angry<\/div>\n
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Surprise<\/div>\n
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D\u00e9finition : parasitose caus\u00e9e par la pr\u00e9sence et le d\u00e9veloppement dans l’organisme humain d’un ver…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3211,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[13,150],"tags":[772,774],"class_list":["post-3210","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-dossier","category-maladies","tag-ascaridiose","tag-parasitose"],"yoast_head":"\nDossier : l' Ascaridiose -<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/afiyafrica.com\/index.php\/dossier\/dossier-l-ascaridiose\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" 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