{"id":2590,"date":"2022-06-19T10:19:32","date_gmt":"2022-06-19T10:19:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/afiyafrica.com\/?p=2590"},"modified":"2022-06-19T10:19:32","modified_gmt":"2022-06-19T10:19:32","slug":"drepanocytose","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/afiyafrica.com\/index.php\/focus\/drepanocytose\/","title":{"rendered":"Dr\u00e9panocytose"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\n \t<\/i> Read Time:<\/span>2 Minute, 39 Second <\/div>\n\n <\/div>
Cet article, destin\u00e9 au grand public et r\u00e9dig\u00e9 par un r\u00e9dacteur scientifique, refl\u00e8te l’\u00e9tat des connaissances sur le sujet trait\u00e9 \u00e0 sa date de mise \u00e0 jour. L’\u00e9volution ult\u00e9rieure des connaissances scientifiques peut le rendre en tout ou partie caduc. Il n’a pas vocation \u00e0 se substituer aux recommandations et pr\u00e9conisations de votre m\u00e9decin ou de votre pharmacien.<\/strong><\/em><\/div>\n

La\u00a0dr\u00e9panocytose<\/span>\u00a0(parfois appel\u00e9e \u00ab\u00a0an\u00e9mie\u00a0falciforme<\/span>\u00a0\u00bb) est une maladie g\u00e9n\u00e9tique qui touche l\u2019h\u00e9moglobine<\/span>, la prot\u00e9ine contenue dans les\u00a0globules rouges<\/span>\u00a0qui sert \u00e0 transporter l\u2019oxyg\u00e8ne \u00e0 travers le corps. La\u00a0dr\u00e9panocytose<\/span>\u00a0se manifeste par des signes vari\u00e9s :\u00a0an\u00e9mie<\/span>\u00a0aigu\u00eb ou chronique, plus grande sensibilit\u00e9 aux infections, crises douloureuses caus\u00e9es par une mauvaise circulation sanguine , les \u00ab crises vaso-occlusives \u00bb. Le traitement de la\u00a0dr\u00e9panocytose<\/span>\u00a0est celui de l\u2019an\u00e9mie<\/span>, des infections, de la douleur des crises vaso-occlusives et des \u00e9ventuelles complications. Des transfusions sanguines sont souvent n\u00e9cessaires.<\/p>\n

La\u00a0dr\u00e9panocytose<\/span>\u00a0impose des r\u00e8gles d\u2019hygi\u00e8ne de vie qui sont essentielles pour pr\u00e9venir les complications et maintenir la qualit\u00e9 de vie malgr\u00e9 la maladie.<\/p>\n

QU\u2019EST-CE QUE LA DR\u00c9PANOCYTOSE ?<\/h2>\n
\n

La\u00a0dr\u00e9panocytose<\/span>\u00a0est une maladie g\u00e9n\u00e9tique qui affecte les\u00a0globules rouges<\/span>, responsables du transport de l\u2019oxyg\u00e8ne dans le sang. Le plus souvent diagnostiqu\u00e9e \u00e0 la naissance, elle se traduit par de l\u2019an\u00e9mie<\/span>, une plus grande vuln\u00e9rabilit\u00e9 aux infections et des crises douloureuses affectant divers organes. La\u00a0dr\u00e9panocytose<\/span>\u00a0peut entra\u00eener des complications dont certaines sont potentiellement graves. Leur pr\u00e9vention repose sur une surveillance m\u00e9dicale rapproch\u00e9e, en particulier chez les enfants.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

La\u00a0dr\u00e9panocytose<\/span>\u00a0est une maladie chronique pour laquelle il n\u2019existe pas, \u00e0 l\u2019heure actuelle, de gu\u00e9rison. Cependant, la pratique cibl\u00e9e du d\u00e9pistage de la\u00a0dr\u00e9panocytose<\/span>\u00a0\u00e0 la naissance permet une prise en charge m\u00e9dicale pr\u00e9coce qui est la clef d\u2019un meilleur pronostic et d\u2019une qualit\u00e9 de vie pr\u00e9serv\u00e9e.<\/p>\n

QUI EST TOUCH\u00c9 PAR LA DR\u00c9PANOCYTOSE ?<\/h2>\n

La\u00a0dr\u00e9panocytose<\/span>\u00a0touche essentiellement les personnes qui ont des origines africaines, antillaises, maghr\u00e9bines, moyen-orientales ou indiennes. Les personnes issus de certains pays m\u00e9diterran\u00e9ens (Gr\u00e8ce, Sicile) sont \u00e9galement concern\u00e9s par cette maladie, quoique moins fr\u00e9quemment. On explique en partie cette pr\u00e9disposition par le fait que la mutation \u00e0 l\u2019origine de la\u00a0dr\u00e9panocytose<\/span>\u00a0rend les personnes touch\u00e9es plus r\u00e9sistantes au\u00a0paludisme<\/span>. En zones infest\u00e9es, les personnes porteurs sains de la mutation responsable de la\u00a0dr\u00e9panocytose<\/span>\u00a0(qui portent la mutation sur un seul chromosome et ne souffrent donc pas de cette maladie) sont favoris\u00e9es sur le plan de l\u2019\u00e9volution, ce qui a permis \u00e0 la mutation de perdurer g\u00e9n\u00e9ration apr\u00e8s g\u00e9n\u00e9ration.<\/p>\n

LA DR\u00c9PANOCYTOSE EST-ELLE FR\u00c9QUENTE ?<\/h2>\n

Selon l\u2019Organisation mondiale de la sant\u00e9, il y aurait environ 5 millions de personnes atteintes de\u00a0dr\u00e9panocytose<\/span>\u00a0dans le monde. En France, la fr\u00e9quence de la\u00a0dr\u00e9panocytose<\/span>\u00a0varie selon les r\u00e9gions et les origines de la population locale : par exemple, si elle touche un\u00a0nouveau-n\u00e9<\/span>\u00a0sur 16 000 dans la r\u00e9gion lilloise, elle affecte un\u00a0nouveau-n\u00e9<\/span>\u00a0sur 900 environ en r\u00e9gion parisienne (o\u00f9 les personnes issues de l\u2019immigration africaine ou maghr\u00e9bine sont plus nombreuses) et un\u00a0nouveau-n\u00e9<\/span>\u00a0sur 420 dans les d\u00e9partements d\u2019outre-mer. En Afrique subsaharienne, sa fr\u00e9quence peut atteindre un\u00a0nouveau-n\u00e9<\/span> sur 30…. lire la suite<\/a><\/p>\n

source : https:\/\/www.vidal.fr<\/p>\n

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Cet article, destin\u00e9 au grand public et r\u00e9dig\u00e9 par un r\u00e9dacteur scientifique, refl\u00e8te l’\u00e9tat des…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2591,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[22,150],"tags":[60,152,30,62],"class_list":["post-2590","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-focus","category-maladies","tag-afrique-sante","tag-drepanocytose","tag-sante","tag-sante-en-afrique"],"yoast_head":"\nDr\u00e9panocytose -<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/afiyafrica.com\/index.php\/focus\/drepanocytose\/\" \/>\n<meta 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